Technical Regulations and Standards

技术法规和标准

 

Article 2: Preparation, Adoption and Application of Technical Regulations by Central Government Bodies

第2条  中央政府机构制定、采用和实施的技术法规

With respect to their central government bodies:

对于各自的中央政府机构:

2.1 Members shall ensure that in respect of technical regulations, products imported from the territory of any Member shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to like products of national origin and to like products originating in any other country.

2.1各成员应保证在技术法规方面,给予源自任何成员领土进口的产品不低于其给予本国同类产品或来自任何其他国家同类产品的待遇。

2.2 Members shall ensure that technical regulations are not prepared, adopted or applied with a view to or with the effect of creating unnecessary obstacles to international trade.  For this purpose, technical regulations shall not be more trade-restrictive than necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective, taking account of the risks non-fulfilment would create.  Such legitimate objectives are, inter alia:  national security requirements;  the prevention of deceptive practices;  protection of human health or safety, animal or plant life or health, or the environment.  In assessing such risks, relevant elements of consideration are, inter alia:  available scientific and technical information, related processing technology or intended end-uses of products.

2.2各成员应保证技术法规的制定、采用或实施在目的或效果上均不对国际贸易造成不必要的障碍。为此目的,技术法规对贸易的限制不得超过为实现合法目标所必需的限度,同时考虑合法目标未能实现可能造成的风险。此类合法目标特别包括:国家安全要求;防止欺诈行为;保护人类健康或安全、保护动物或植物的生命或健康及保护环境。在评估此类风险时,应考虑的相关因素特别包括:可获得的科学和技术信息、有关的加工技术或产品的预期最终用途。

2.3 Technical regulations shall not be maintained if the circumstances or objectives giving rise to their adoption no longer exist or if the changed circumstances or objectives can be addressed in a less trade-restrictive manner.

2.3如与技术法规采用有关的情况或目标已不复存在,或改变的情况或目标可采用对贸易限制较少的方式加以处理,则不得维持此类技术法规。

2.4 Where technical regulations are required and relevant international standards exist or their completion is imminent, Members shall use them, or the relevant parts of them, as a basis for their technical regulations except when such international standards or relevant parts would be an ineffective or inappropriate means for the fulfillment of the legitimate objectives pursued, for instance because of fundamental climatic or geographical factors or fundamental technological problems.

2.4如需制定技术法规,而有关国际标准已经存在或即将拟就,则各成员应使用这些国际标准或其中的相关部分作为其技术法规的基础,除非这些国际标准或其中的相关部分对达到其追求的合法目标无效或不适当,例如由于基本气候因素或地理因素或基本技术问题。

2.5 A Member preparing, adopting or applying a technical regulation which may have a significant effect on trade of other Members shall, upon the request of another Member, explain the justification for that technical regulation in terms of the provisions of paragraphs 2 to 4.  Whenever a technical regulation is prepared, adopted or applied for one of the legitimate objectives explicitly mentioned in paragraph 2, and is in accordance with relevant international standards, it shall be rebuttably presumed not to create an unnecessary obstacle to international trade.

2.5应另一成员请求,一成员在制定、采用或实施可能对其他成员的贸易有重大影响的技术法规时应按照第2款到第4 款的规定对其技术法规的合理性进行说明。只要出于第2款明确提及的合法目标之一并依照有关国际标准制定、采用和实施的技术法规,即均应予以作出未对国际贸易造成不必要障碍的可予驳回的推定。

2.6 With a view to harmonizing technical regulations on as wide a basis as possible, Members shall play a full part, within the limits of their resources, in the preparation by appropriate international standardizing bodies of international standards for products for which they either have adopted, or expect to adopt, technical regulations.

2.6为在尽可能广泛的基础上协调技术法规,各成员应在其力所能力的范围内充分参与有关国际标准化机构就各自已采用或准备采用的技术法规所涵盖的产品制定国际标准的工作。

2.7 Members shall give positive consideration to accepting as equivalent technical regulations of other Members, even if these regulations differ from their own, provided they are satisfied that these regulations adequately fulfil the objectives of their own regulations.

2.7各成员应积极考虑将其他成员的技术法规作为等效法规加以接受,即使这些法规不同于自己的法规,只要它们确信这些法规足以实现与自己的法规相同的目标。

2.8 Wherever appropriate, Members shall specify technical regulations based on product requirements in terms of performance rather than design or descriptive characteristics.

2.8只要适当,各成员即应按照产品的性能而不是按照其设计或描述特征来制定技术法规。

2.9 Whenever a relevant international standard does not exist or the technical content of a proposed technical regulation is not in accordance with the technical content of relevant international standards, and if the technical regulation may have a significant effect on trade of other Members, Members shall:

2.9只要不存在有关国际标准或拟议的技术法规中的技术内容与有关国际标准中的技术内容不一致,且如果该技术法规可能对其他成员的贸易有重大影响,则各成员即应:

2.9.1 publish a notice in a publication at an early appropriate stage, in such a manner as to enable interested parties in other Members to become acquainted with it, that they propose to introd uce a particular technical regulation;

在早期适当阶段,以能够使其他成员中的利害关系方知晓的方式,在出版物上发布有关提议采用某一特定技术法规的通知;

2.9.2 notify other Members through the Secretariat of the products to be covered by the proposed technical regulation, together with a brief indication of its objective and rationale.  Such notifications shall take place at an early appropriate stage, when amendments can still be introduced and comments taken into account;

通过秘书处通知其他成员拟议的法规所涵盖的产品,并对拟议的法规的目的和理由作出简要说明。此类通知应在早期适当阶段作出,以便进行修正和考虑提出的意见;

2.9.3 upon request, provide to other Members particulars or copies of the proposed technical regulation and, whenever possible, identify the parts which in substance deviate from relevant international standards;

应请求,向其他成员提供拟议的技术法规的细节或副本,只要可能,即应确认与有关国际标准有实质性偏离的部分;

2.9.4 without discrimination, allow reasonable time for other Members to make comments in writing, discuss these comments upon request, and take these written comments and the results of these discussions into account.

无歧视地给予其他成员合理的时间以提出书面意见,应请求讨论这些意见,并对这些书面意见和讨论的结果予以考虑。

2.10  Subject to the provisions in the lead-in to paragraph 9, where urgent problems of safety, health, environmental protection or national security arise or threaten to arise for a Member, that Member may omit such of the steps enumerated in paragraph 9 as it finds necessary, provided that the Member, upon adoption of a technical regulation, shall:

2.10在遵守第9款引言部分规定的前提下,如一成员面临涉及安全、健康、环境保护或国家安全等紧急问题或面临发生此类问题的威胁,则该成员可省略第9款所列步骤中其认为有必要省略的步骤,但是该成员在采用技术法规时应:

2.10.1 notify immediately other Members through the Secretariat of the particular technical regulation and the products covered, with a brief indication of the objective and the rationale of the technical regulation, including the nature of the urgent problems;

立即通过秘书处将特定技术法规及其涵盖的产品通知其他成员,并对该技术法规的目的和理由作出简要说明,包括紧急问题的性质;

2.10.2 upon request, provide other Members with copies of the technical regulation;

应请求,向其他成员提供该技术法规的副本;

2.10.3 without discrimination, allow other Members to present their comments in writing, discuss these comments upon request, and take these written comments and the results of these discussions into account.

无歧视地给予其他成员合理的时间以提出书面意见,应请求讨论这些意见,并对这些书面意见和讨论的结果予以考虑。

2.11 Members shall ensure that all technical regulations which have been adopted are published promptly or otherwise made available in such a manner as to enable interested parties in other Members to become acquainted with them.

2.11各成员应保证迅速公布已采用的所有技术法规,或以可使其他成员中的利害关系方知晓的其他方式提供。

2.12 Except in those urgent circumstances referred to in paragraph 10, Members shall allow a reasonable interval between the publication of technical regulations and their entry into force in order to allow time for producers in exporting Members, and particularly in developing country Members, to adapt their products or methods of production to the requirements of the importing Member.

2.12除第10款所指的紧急情况外,各成员应在技术法规的公布和生效之间留出合理时间间隔,使出口成员、特别是发展中国家成员的生产者有时间使其产品和生产方法适应进口成员的要求。

 



主办单位:国家市场监督管理总局国家标准技术审评中心

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